Issuer

The issuer is the role in a W3C Verifiable Credentials flow that creates and cryptographically signs a credential. Every VC has exactly one issuer. The issuer is identified by a DID, and the credential carries a proof signed with a key that the DID document declares as an authorized verificationMethod.

LearnCoin's architecture separates the cryptographic issuer from the awarding body. The cryptographic issuer is always LearnCoin itself — did:web:learncoin.me — because LearnCoin owns the signing infrastructure and the trust substrate. The awarding body (the actual institution that determined the recipient earned the credential) appears as credentialSubject.achievement.awardingBody inside the credential, per Open Badges 3.0 convention. This distinction is formally documented in ADR-008.

Per-tenant isolation is achieved through verificationMethod fragments — each tenant has its own key (#tenant-ewance, #tenant-chalu, etc.) inside the single LearnCoin DID document. A verifier can always tell which tenant signed a given credential by looking at proof.verificationMethod.